- Form of the Hindi Passive Voice. In Hindi, passive verbs are formed by combining a perfect participle with a form of जाना. The structure of Hindi passive verbs is therefore as follows: perfect participle form of जाना The perfect participle agrees with the subject in number and gender.
- Active Voice:: I know him. Passive Voice: He is known to me. Active Voice: Water fills a tub. Passive Voice: A tub is filled with water. The auxiliary verb will be changed in Passive Voice depending upon the tense of sentence in its Active Voice. There are rules for changing the auxiliary for each tense which can also be studied on.
- Active and Passive Voice is an integral part of any of the exams, whether you are taking Board Exam, Non-Board Exam or any Competitive Exams held by Staff Selection Commission, IBPS, Railways, FCI and States' Recruitment Boards.
Active and Passive Voice Pdf Documents and Notes. Active and Passive Voice Pdf. Jul 02, 2018 Some sentences can be written in two forms- Active Voice and Passive Voice. In Active Voice Sentence We have focus on subject towards a action. Active: He teaches me Hindi. Candidates can download rules for converting Active voice into Passive Voice In.
An action of a subject, in relation to an object, is expressed in two ways. These two ways of expressing action of a subject are known as Voices.
1. Active Voice
2. Passive Voice
Example.
I write a letter. (Active Voice)
A letter is written by me. (Passive Voice)
The structure of same sentence changes when expressed as Active Voice or Passive Voice. The meaning of a sentence, either expressed as Active Voice or Passive Voice, remains the same.
Difference between Active Voice and Passive Voice.
The meaning or main idea of sentence, either expressed as Active Voice or Passive Voice does not change. The structure of a same sentence changes for Active Voice and Passive Voice. We know that every sentence have a subject, a verb and an object. Subject is an agent who works on an object in a sentence. In the above example, 'I' is the subject of the sentence that is doing some work on the object ‘letter' in the same sentence.
To understand the difference in both voices, we should focus on the subject and the object of a sentence. In Active Voice, the subject acts upon the object. In Passive Voice, the object is acted upon by the subject. The meaning remains the same in both Voices but the sequence of the words (subject & object) changes. The sequence, of subject and object as in Active Voice, is reversed when it is expressed in Passive Voice. Read the following example for better understanding this difference.
| Active Voice | Passive Voice |
|---|---|
| I eat an apple. | An apple is eaten by me. |
| He bought a car. | A car was bought by him. |
The sequence of the subject and the object of the sentence is reversed while converting the sentence from Active Voice to Passive Voice.
The structures of a same sentence, for both Voices, are as follows:
Active Voice: Subject + Verb + Object
Passive Voice: Object + Verb + Subject
Basic Rules For Changing Active Voices Into Passive Voices
Rule No. 1. As mentioned earlier, the structure of sentence will be reversed in Passive Voice. The places of the Subject and the object will interchange. The subject will shift to the place of Object and the object will take the place of Subject in Passive Voice.
Example:
Active Voice:He buys a camera.
Passive Voice:A camera is bought by him.
Rule No. 2. Only Past Participle Form or 3rd form of verb (e.g. eaten etc) will always be used as main verb in Passive voices for all tenses. No other form of verb will be used as main verb. It can be seen in all the examples given on this page.
Rule No. 3. The word 'by' will be used before subject in the Passive voice.
Example:
Active Voice: She drinks water.
Passive Voice: Water is drunk byher.
Rule No. 4. Other words such as ‘with' or ‘to' may also be used instead of word ‘by' depending upon the subject of the sentence. These words are used in a very few cases. The word ‘by' is used in the most cases.
Examples:
Active Voice:: I know him.
Passive Voice: He is known to me.
Active Voice: Water fills a tub.
Passive Voice: A tub is filledwith water.
Rule No. 5. The auxiliary verb will be changed in Passive Voice depending upon the tense of sentence in its Active Voice. There are rules for changing the auxiliary for each tense which can also be studied on this website.
Rule No. 6. Subject may not be always mentioned in Passive Voice. Passive voice for some sentences can also be written without having subject, if it gives clear idea about the subject. Read the following examples. Mount and blade warband serial.
Examples:
Passive Voice: Women are not treated as equals.
Passive Voice: Sugar is sold in kilograms.
Note: The above rules, except rule No. 5, are the basic rules for changing Active Voices into Passive Voice and apply to all type of sentences. The rule No. 5 is about the usage of auxiliary verbs in Passive Voices which differs for each tense of the sentence. These rules for each tense have also been explained on this website.
Active And Passive Voice – Basic Rules With Examples
Some sentences can be written in two forms- Active Voice and Passive Voice. In Active Voice Sentence We have focus on subject towards a action, While In Passive Voice Sentence , We have to make some alteration and we give importance to the object. These sentence can be converted from active voice to Passive Voice and from Passive Voice to Active Voice. For Example
Active: I read a book.
Passive: A book is read by me.
There are definite rules for converting from active Voice to Passive Voice. But before these rules, It is necessary to know some basic concepts.
(A) The sentence in which the main verb is Intransitive can not be converted into Passive voice. For Example
(i) I read.
(ii). We go.
(iii). They laugh.
(B) The sentences of Future Continuous Tense can not be converted into Passive Voice. For Example
(C) No Perfect Continuous Tense of any Tense can not be converted into Passive Voice. For Example
Rule 1: Interchange of Subject and Object
While changing from the Active Voice to Passive Voice, the Subject is made the Object, and the Object becomes the Subject in the Passive Voice. Also, ‘By' is used before the subject when it is made the object in the Passive Form. Sometimes ‘By' is kept understood or implied also. For Example.
Active: Ram loves Shyam.
Passive: Shyam is loved by Ram.
Rule 2:
While Interchanging the Subject and Object in the Passive Voice, the Articles, Adjectives and Adjectives Phrases connected with each other are also carried over with them. They are not separated from the Subject or the Object. For Example
Active: All the children heard an interesting story.
Passive: An interesting story was heard by all the children.
Rule 3
When the pronouns are transferred from the place of Object in the Active Voice to the place of Subject of Passive Voice, their forms are changed. For Example
(i). I in place of me.
(ii). We in place of Us.
(iii). He in place of him.
(iv). She in place of her.
(v). They in place of them
Note: No change is made in the change of You or It or any Noun. For Example
Active: Mohan hates them.
Passive: They are hated by Mohan.
Rule 4
When the pronouns are transferred from the place of subject in the Active Voice to the place of Object in the Passive Voice, Their forms are changed. For Example
(i). By me in place of I
(ii). By us in place of We.
(iii). By him in place of He.
(iv). By her in place of She.
(v). By them in place of They.
Note: There is no change in You, It or any Noun, but by is added before them. For Example
Active: We love the Child.
Passive: The child is loved by us.
Active: You wrote a letter.
Passive: A letter is written by you.
Rule 5
The following changes are made in the verb –
(i). The main Verb are used in the third Form.
(ii). An Appropriate verb to be ( is, am , are, was, were, be, been, being ) is used before the Third Form of the main verb According to the Number and Person of the Subject and Tense of the Verb.
(A) Present Tense
(i). Indefinite Tense
In this Tense, Is, am or Are is used before the third form of the Main Verb according to the number and person of the Object. Structure of the Verb
Is / am / are + V3 (Third form of Verb) For Example
Active: Ram follows me.
Passive: I am followed by Ram.
(ii) Present Continuous Tense
The Structure of the Verb in this tense. Is / Am / Are + being + V3. For Example.
Active: He is writing a letter.
Passive: A letter is written by him.
Active: Ram is helping me.
Passive: I am being helped by Ram.
(iii) Present Perfect Tense
The Structure of the Verb in this Tense is. Has / have + been + V3 For Example.
Active: Mohan has read many books.
Passive: Many books have been read by Mohan.
(B). Past Tense
(i) Simple Past Tense
The structure of the verb in this Tense is. Was / Were + V3 For Example.
Active: He helped me.
Passive: I was helped by him.
Active: Ram wrote a letter.
Passive: A latter is written by Ram.
(ii) Past Continuous Tense
The structure of the verb in this tense is. Was / Were + being + V3 For Example.
Active: Ram was writing a letter.
Passive: A letter was being written by Ram.
Active: Harry was reading a book.
Passive: A book was being reading by harry.
(iii) Past Perfect Tense
The Structure of the verbs in this Tense is Had + Been + For Example.
Active: Ram had read many books.
Passive: Many books had been read by Ram.
Active: Ram had helped me.
Passive: I had been helped by Ram.
(C) Future Tense
(i) Future Indefinite
The structure of the verbs in this tense is. Will / shall + Be + V3 For Example.
Active: Shyam will help me.
Passive: I will be helped by Ram.
(ii) Future Perfect Tense
The Structure of verbs in this tense is. Will / Shall + Have Been + V3 For Example.
Active: Ram will have written a letter.
Active And Passive Voice Pdf In Hindi Typing
Passive: a letter will have been written by Ram.
Rule 6
In a sentence in which an Auxiliary Verbs can / could / may / might / should / Would are used with Finite Verbs, they are retain as they are given in the Active Voice, they are followed by Be + V3 Structure of the verbs in this tense is. Auxiliary Verbs + V3 For Example.
Active: She should help Sita.
Passive: Sita should be helped by her.
Active: They can help you.
Passive: You can be helped by them.
Rule 7
In some sentence, verbs ‘ to be ‘ ( Is , am , Are, was , were ) is followed by Has / Have / Had, Which are followed by an Infinite ( To + verb ), While converting these sentence into Passive Voice, Verb ‘ to be' and ‘ Has / Have / Had' are retained in the form appropriate to the subject, after which are used to be +V3 For Example.
Active: She has to help me.
Axife mouse recorder 5.01. Passive: I have to be helped by her.
Rule 8
Sometimes an intransitive Verbs joined with a Preposition does the work of transitive verb. Sentences using this type of verb are converted into Passive Voice According to the normal rules, keeping in mind that the preposition must be retained with the verb. For Example
Active: She looks after him.
Passive: He is looked after by her.
Active: They laughed at him.
Passive: He was laughed at by them.
Rule 9
Some sentences have two objects.
Direct Object Or Indirect Object. For Example
She teaches me grammer.
Here 'grammer' is Direct Object and me is Indirect Object.
While converting such sentences into Passive Voice, The Indirect Object should be used as Subject. For Example
Active: I shall give you necessary help.
Passive: You will be given necessary help.
Note Sometimes, Direct Object can also be used as a Subject in the Passive Voice. For Example
Active: He teaches me Hindi.
Passive: I am taught Hindi by him.
Rule 10
Some sentences containing Double Object begin with Let in the Active Voice. In Passive Voice also these sentences begin with Let , and the Direct Object is used as the Subject. Also, Be should be used before the third form of the verb. For Example.
Active: Let him bring a glass of water.
Passive: Let a glass of water be brought by him.
Rule 11
If the Imperative sentence carries the sense of Order or Command, Its Passive Voice should begin with Let, and be should be used before the third form of the verb. For Example
Active: Shut the door.
Passive: Let the door be shut.
Active: Bring the pen.
Passive: Let the pen be brought.
Rule 12
If the Imperative sentence carries the request of advice, should be used before the third form of the Verb. These sentences do not begin with Let. For Example
Active: Love Your country.
Passive: Your country should be loved by you.
Rule 13
If the Imperative sentence is negative, the Passive voice should have Let not in place of Do not. Also, after the subject be + Third form of the verb should be used.
Active: Do not beat the Child.
Passive: Let not the child be beaten.
Rule 14
Nagative sentences are converted into Passive Voice just like the Affirmative Sentences. Not is retain at its normal position. For Example
Active: The baby was not hitting a toy.
Passive: A toy was not being hit by the baby.
Active: This boy cannot lift the box.
Passive: The box cannot be lift by this boy.
Rule 15
If the Interrogative sentences begin with the helping verb ( do, does, did, is, was, were, are, am, has, have, had ), The passive voice also begin with the Helping Verb, but the form of the Helping Verb changes according to the new subject in the Passive Voice. For Example
(i). Has, Have, had take been before the third form of the verb.
(ii) Interrogative sentences beginning with an Interrogative pronoun / Adverb ( Who, What , Whom etc…) begin in the Passive Voice with By whom or By With What. For Example
Active: Has he killed the dog. ?
Passive: Has the dog been killed by him ?
Rule 16
Usually By is used before the Object in the Passive Voice. But there are some verbs on account of which some other Preposition are used befor e the Object in place of By.
(i). ‘at' is used after- Shocked, Surprised, astonished, alarmed, disappointed, displeased, distress.
(ii). ‘To' is used after – Obliged, Known
(iii). ‘With' is used after – Pleased, disgusted, impressed, Satisfied.
(iv). ‘In' is used after – Consisted, contained, interested.
For Example
Active: Her behaviour disappointed me.
Examples:
Passive Voice: Women are not treated as equals.
Passive Voice: Sugar is sold in kilograms.
Note: The above rules, except rule No. 5, are the basic rules for changing Active Voices into Passive Voice and apply to all type of sentences. The rule No. 5 is about the usage of auxiliary verbs in Passive Voices which differs for each tense of the sentence. These rules for each tense have also been explained on this website.
Active And Passive Voice – Basic Rules With Examples
Some sentences can be written in two forms- Active Voice and Passive Voice. In Active Voice Sentence We have focus on subject towards a action, While In Passive Voice Sentence , We have to make some alteration and we give importance to the object. These sentence can be converted from active voice to Passive Voice and from Passive Voice to Active Voice. For Example
Active: I read a book.
Passive: A book is read by me.
There are definite rules for converting from active Voice to Passive Voice. But before these rules, It is necessary to know some basic concepts.
(A) The sentence in which the main verb is Intransitive can not be converted into Passive voice. For Example
(i) I read.
(ii). We go.
(iii). They laugh.
(B) The sentences of Future Continuous Tense can not be converted into Passive Voice. For Example
(C) No Perfect Continuous Tense of any Tense can not be converted into Passive Voice. For Example
Rule 1: Interchange of Subject and Object
While changing from the Active Voice to Passive Voice, the Subject is made the Object, and the Object becomes the Subject in the Passive Voice. Also, ‘By' is used before the subject when it is made the object in the Passive Form. Sometimes ‘By' is kept understood or implied also. For Example.
Active: Ram loves Shyam.
Passive: Shyam is loved by Ram.
Rule 2:
While Interchanging the Subject and Object in the Passive Voice, the Articles, Adjectives and Adjectives Phrases connected with each other are also carried over with them. They are not separated from the Subject or the Object. For Example
Active: All the children heard an interesting story.
Passive: An interesting story was heard by all the children.
Rule 3
When the pronouns are transferred from the place of Object in the Active Voice to the place of Subject of Passive Voice, their forms are changed. For Example
(i). I in place of me.
(ii). We in place of Us.
(iii). He in place of him.
(iv). She in place of her.
(v). They in place of them
Note: No change is made in the change of You or It or any Noun. For Example
Active: Mohan hates them.
Passive: They are hated by Mohan.
Rule 4
When the pronouns are transferred from the place of subject in the Active Voice to the place of Object in the Passive Voice, Their forms are changed. For Example
(i). By me in place of I
(ii). By us in place of We.
(iii). By him in place of He.
(iv). By her in place of She.
(v). By them in place of They.
Note: There is no change in You, It or any Noun, but by is added before them. For Example
Active: We love the Child.
Passive: The child is loved by us.
Active: You wrote a letter.
Passive: A letter is written by you.
Rule 5
The following changes are made in the verb –
(i). The main Verb are used in the third Form.
(ii). An Appropriate verb to be ( is, am , are, was, were, be, been, being ) is used before the Third Form of the main verb According to the Number and Person of the Subject and Tense of the Verb.
(A) Present Tense
(i). Indefinite Tense
In this Tense, Is, am or Are is used before the third form of the Main Verb according to the number and person of the Object. Structure of the Verb
Is / am / are + V3 (Third form of Verb) For Example
Active: Ram follows me.
Passive: I am followed by Ram.
(ii) Present Continuous Tense
The Structure of the Verb in this tense. Is / Am / Are + being + V3. For Example.
Active: He is writing a letter.
Passive: A letter is written by him.
Active: Ram is helping me.
Passive: I am being helped by Ram.
(iii) Present Perfect Tense
The Structure of the Verb in this Tense is. Has / have + been + V3 For Example.
Active: Mohan has read many books.
Passive: Many books have been read by Mohan.
(B). Past Tense
(i) Simple Past Tense
The structure of the verb in this Tense is. Was / Were + V3 For Example.
Active: He helped me.
Passive: I was helped by him.
Active: Ram wrote a letter.
Passive: A latter is written by Ram.
(ii) Past Continuous Tense
The structure of the verb in this tense is. Was / Were + being + V3 For Example.
Active: Ram was writing a letter.
Passive: A letter was being written by Ram.
Active: Harry was reading a book.
Passive: A book was being reading by harry.
(iii) Past Perfect Tense
The Structure of the verbs in this Tense is Had + Been + For Example.
Active: Ram had read many books.
Passive: Many books had been read by Ram.
Active: Ram had helped me.
Passive: I had been helped by Ram.
(C) Future Tense
(i) Future Indefinite
The structure of the verbs in this tense is. Will / shall + Be + V3 For Example.
Active: Shyam will help me.
Passive: I will be helped by Ram.
(ii) Future Perfect Tense
The Structure of verbs in this tense is. Will / Shall + Have Been + V3 For Example.
Active: Ram will have written a letter.
Active And Passive Voice Pdf In Hindi Typing
Passive: a letter will have been written by Ram.
Rule 6
In a sentence in which an Auxiliary Verbs can / could / may / might / should / Would are used with Finite Verbs, they are retain as they are given in the Active Voice, they are followed by Be + V3 Structure of the verbs in this tense is. Auxiliary Verbs + V3 For Example.
Active: She should help Sita.
Passive: Sita should be helped by her.
Active: They can help you.
Passive: You can be helped by them.
Rule 7
In some sentence, verbs ‘ to be ‘ ( Is , am , Are, was , were ) is followed by Has / Have / Had, Which are followed by an Infinite ( To + verb ), While converting these sentence into Passive Voice, Verb ‘ to be' and ‘ Has / Have / Had' are retained in the form appropriate to the subject, after which are used to be +V3 For Example.
Active: She has to help me.
Axife mouse recorder 5.01. Passive: I have to be helped by her.
Rule 8
Sometimes an intransitive Verbs joined with a Preposition does the work of transitive verb. Sentences using this type of verb are converted into Passive Voice According to the normal rules, keeping in mind that the preposition must be retained with the verb. For Example
Active: She looks after him.
Passive: He is looked after by her.
Active: They laughed at him.
Passive: He was laughed at by them.
Rule 9
Some sentences have two objects.
Direct Object Or Indirect Object. For Example
She teaches me grammer.
Here 'grammer' is Direct Object and me is Indirect Object.
While converting such sentences into Passive Voice, The Indirect Object should be used as Subject. For Example
Active: I shall give you necessary help.
Passive: You will be given necessary help.
Note Sometimes, Direct Object can also be used as a Subject in the Passive Voice. For Example
Active: He teaches me Hindi.
Passive: I am taught Hindi by him.
Rule 10
Some sentences containing Double Object begin with Let in the Active Voice. In Passive Voice also these sentences begin with Let , and the Direct Object is used as the Subject. Also, Be should be used before the third form of the verb. For Example.
Active: Let him bring a glass of water.
Passive: Let a glass of water be brought by him.
Rule 11
If the Imperative sentence carries the sense of Order or Command, Its Passive Voice should begin with Let, and be should be used before the third form of the verb. For Example
Active: Shut the door.
Passive: Let the door be shut.
Active: Bring the pen.
Passive: Let the pen be brought.
Rule 12
If the Imperative sentence carries the request of advice, should be used before the third form of the Verb. These sentences do not begin with Let. For Example
Active: Love Your country.
Passive: Your country should be loved by you.
Rule 13
If the Imperative sentence is negative, the Passive voice should have Let not in place of Do not. Also, after the subject be + Third form of the verb should be used.
Active: Do not beat the Child.
Passive: Let not the child be beaten.
Rule 14
Nagative sentences are converted into Passive Voice just like the Affirmative Sentences. Not is retain at its normal position. For Example
Active: The baby was not hitting a toy.
Passive: A toy was not being hit by the baby.
Active: This boy cannot lift the box.
Passive: The box cannot be lift by this boy.
Rule 15
If the Interrogative sentences begin with the helping verb ( do, does, did, is, was, were, are, am, has, have, had ), The passive voice also begin with the Helping Verb, but the form of the Helping Verb changes according to the new subject in the Passive Voice. For Example
(i). Has, Have, had take been before the third form of the verb.
(ii) Interrogative sentences beginning with an Interrogative pronoun / Adverb ( Who, What , Whom etc…) begin in the Passive Voice with By whom or By With What. For Example
Active: Has he killed the dog. ?
Passive: Has the dog been killed by him ?
Rule 16
Usually By is used before the Object in the Passive Voice. But there are some verbs on account of which some other Preposition are used befor e the Object in place of By.
(i). ‘at' is used after- Shocked, Surprised, astonished, alarmed, disappointed, displeased, distress.
(ii). ‘To' is used after – Obliged, Known
(iii). ‘With' is used after – Pleased, disgusted, impressed, Satisfied.
(iv). ‘In' is used after – Consisted, contained, interested.
For Example
Active: Her behaviour disappointed me.
Passive: I was disappointed at her behaviour.
Active And Passive Voice Pdf In Hindi Translation
Active: This Job interests me.
Passive: I was interested in this job.
Rule 17
Some sentence begin with ‘ There' followed by Verb + Subject + Infinitive. No change is made in such sentence in the Passive Voice that the Simple Present Infinitive is changed into the Past Infinitive ( To be + Past Participle). The rest of the sentence remains unchanged. For Example
Active: There is no milk to waste.
Passive: There is no milk to be wasted.
Rule 18
In some sentences Infinitive without ‘ to ‘ is used. For Example.
Active: I made him run away.
Passive: he was made to run away.
In sentences of this pattern normal Rules are applied for conversion into Passive Voice. with one more provision. that Infinitive without ‘to' is used in place of Infinitive without ‘ to'. The structure of the main verb would be – to be + Past Participle.
Active: We saw him jump the ditch.
Passive: He was seen to jump the ditch.
Note: It may be noted here that ‘ to' is not used after ‘ let' even in the Passive Voice.
Rule 19
In some sentences that + a noun clause is used after the principle clause, and this Noun Clause is the Object of the Transitive Verb in the Principle Clause. Some Special care has to be taken in converting such sentences into the Passive Voice. In such sentences no Passive Voice is made of the Principle Clause, only its sentence is expressed in some way. Then the noun clause is changed into the Passive Voice according to the normal rules. In such sentences, we don't usually use By + Object. For Example
Active: We know that he is a great scholar.
Passive: He is known to be a great scholar.
Note The verb after which a Noun Clause can be used as the object are these.Think, Consider, Believe, say, Know, Find, Claim, find, report, hold, etc…
Rule 20
Sometimes in the sentences of the above pattern, the noun clause is already in the Passive Voice. For Example
Active: He wants that he should be recognized as a great scholar.
In converting such sentences into passive voice, the principle clause is retained unchanged. That + Subject + Verb of the noun clause are removed. After the verb of the Principle Clause we should use to be + third form of the verb of the noun clause.
Passive: He wants to be recognized as a great scholar.
Active: He desires that he should be respected by all.
Passive: He desires to be respected by all.
Candidates can download rules for converting Active voice into Passive Voice In English grammar with examples pdf file by clicking on below link.
All the best for your upcoming exam!
You can join or visit at Facebook Page or Twitter for always keep in touch with further updates.
Read more articles….
